How to Setup a DNS Server in Ubuntu

Source: http://ulyssesonline.com/2007/11/07/how-to-setup-a-dns-server-in-ubuntu/

Overview
Would you like to setup a DNS Server in Ubuntu? How about setting up a private internal domain name at home? Well, you’ve come to the right place. There are number of tutorials on the internet showing you how to setup a DNS Server with Ubuntu using Bind 9. So, why another how-to document? That’s a good question. I’ve decided I needed to write a simple tutorial that anyone with a little bit of Linux knowledge would be able to follow. In the process, I hope readers are also able to learn how DNS works. Ok, let’s jump right to it!

What is DNS?

First of all, let’s cover the basics. What is DNS? DNS stands for Domain Name Server. It’s a service that runs on a server that translates humanly recognizable domain names such as www.yahoo.com or www.google.com into its assigned IP addresses. If the DNS server does not recognize the domain name being requested, it will forward the domain name request to another DNS server and so on until the name is resolved.

A typical DNS request is when someone is accessing a website. Let’s use the www.yahoo.com domain as an example. When a user clicks a Yahoo link or types the Yahoo URL on the address bar of the browser, the DNS server processes the domain request. If it doesn’t find www.yahoo.com on its DNS table, it will forward the request to another DNS server with a higher authority and so on until it finds a server with the URL entry. The IP address information is then sent back to the user’s browser. If the domain name is not found, a “server not found” message is displayed on the browser.

Assumptions

Enough with the DNS background. Let’s now start configuring our own DNS server. Let’s assume that we have the following: we want to create a private internal domain name called mydomain.com, our private internal network is 192.168.0.x and our router and gateway is set at 192.168.0.1. Let’s assume all devices are going to be configured with static IP addresses. Normally, most computer systems nowadays are configured to automatically obtain IP addresses from the DHCP server/router. In this example, we will use static IP addresses to show how DNS works. Finally, we have 3 computers connected to our network:

Ubuntu Server, the DNS server – 192.168.0.9
Ubuntu Desktop – 192.168.0.10
PC – 192.168.0.11

Instructions

1. To install the DNS server, we need to install Bind 9.

sudo apt-get install bind9

2. Let’s configure Bind. We need to touch 5 files.

We will edit 3 files.

/etc/bind/named.conf.local
/etc/bind/named.conf.options
/etc/resolv.conf

We will create 2 files.

/etc/bind/zones/mydomain.com.db
/etc/bind/zones/rev.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa

A. First step. Lets add our domain zone – mydomain.com.

sudo vi /etc/bind/named.conf.local

# Our domain zone
zone "mydomain.com" {
   type master;
   file "/etc/bind/zones/mydomain.com.db";
};

# For reverse DNS
zone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
   type master;
   file "/etc/bind/zones/rev.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa";
};

Save file. Exit.

We just created a new domain. Please note: later we will create two files named mydomain.com.db and rev.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa files. Also, notice the reverse IP address sequence in the reverse DNS section.

B. Let’s add the DNS servers from your ISP. In my case, I’m using Comcast DNS servers. You can place the primary and secondary DNS servers here separated by semicolons.

sudo vi /etc/bind/named.conf.options

forwarders {
   68.87.76.178;
};

Save file. Exit.

C. Now, let’s modify the resolv.conf file found in /etc and place the IP address of our DNS server which is set to 192.168.0.9.

$ sudo vi /etc/resolv.conf

search mydomain.com.
nameserver 192.168.0.9

D. Now, let’s define the zones.

sudo mkdir /etc/bind/zones
sudo vi /etc/bind/zones/mydomain.com.db

$TTL 3D
@ IN SOA ns.mydomain.com. admin.mydomain.com. (
   2007062001
   28800
   3600
   604800
   38400
);
mydomain.com.  IN      NS         ns.mydomain.com.
ubuntudesktop  IN      A          192.168.0.10
www            IN      CNAME      ubuntudesktop
pc             IN      A          192.168.0.11
gw             IN      A          192.168.0.1
                       TXT        "Network Gateway"

The TTL or time to live is set for 3 days
The ns.mydomain.com nameserver is defined
ubuntudesktop, pc and gateway are entered as an A record
An alias of www is assigned to ubuntudesktop using CNAME

E. Let’s create a “rev.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa” file for reverse lookup.

sudo vi /etc/bind/zones/rev.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa

$TTL 3D
@       IN      SOA     ns.mydomain.com. admin.mydomain.com. (
                2007062001
                28800
                604800
                604800
                86400
)
        IN      NS      ns.mydomain.com.
1       IN      PTR     gw.mydomain.com.
10      IN      PTR     ubuntudesktop.mydomain.com.
11      IN      PTR     pc.mydomain.com.

3. Let’s restart Bind to activate our latest changes.

sudo /etc/init.d/bind9 restart

4. Finally, let’s test our new domain and DNS entries.

Dig

$ dig mydomain.com

Nslookup

nslookup gw

-------------------------------------------------------------

DNS Zones Overview

A DNS zone is the contiguous portion of the DNS domain name space over which a DNS server has authority, or is
authoritative. A zone is a portion of a namespace . it is not a domain. A domain is a branch of the DNS namespace. A
DNS zone can contain one or more contiguous domains. A DNS server can be authoritative for multiple DNS zones. A
noncontiguous namespace cannot be a DNS zone.

A zone contains the resource records for all of the names within the particular zone. Zone files are used if DNS
data is not integrated with Active Directory. The zone files contain the DNS database resource records which define the
zone. If DNS and Active Directory are integrated, then DNS data is stored in Active Directory.

The different types of zones used in Windows Server 2003 DNS are listed below:

Primary zone

Secondary zone

Active Directory-integrated zone

Reverse lookup zone

Stub zone

A primary zone is the only zone type that can be edited or updated because the data in the zone is the
original source of the data for all domains in the zone. Updates made to the primary zone are made by the DNS server
that is authoritative for the specific primary zone. You can also back up data from a primary zone to a secondary
zone.

A secondary zone is a read-only copy of the zone that was copied from the master server during zone transfer.
In fact, a secondary zone can only be updated through zone transfer.

An Active Directory-integrated zone is a zone that stores its data in Active Directory. DNS zone files are
not needed. This type of zone is an authoritative primary zone. Zone data of an Active Directory-integrated zone is
replicated during the Active Directory replication process. Active Directory-integrated zones also enjoy the security
features of Active Directory.

A reverse lookup zone is an authoritative DNS zone. These zones are mainly used to resolve IP addresses to
resource names on the network. A reverse lookup zone can be either of the following zones:

Primary zone

Secondary zone

Active Directory-integrated zone

A stub zone is a new Windows Server 2003 feature. Stub zones only contain those resource records necessary to
identify the authoritative DNS servers for the master zone. Stub zones therefore contain only a copy of a zone, and are
used to resolve recursive queries and iterative queries:

Iterative queries: The DNS server provides the best answer it can. This can be:

The resolved name

A referral to a different DNS server

Recursive queries: The DNS server has to reply with the requested information, or with an error. The DNS
server cannot provide a referral to a different DNS server

Stub zones contain the following information:

Start of Authority (SOA) resource records of the zone.

Resource records that list the authoritative DNS servers of the zone

Glue address (A) resource records that are necessary for contacting the authoritative servers of the zone.

Zone delegation occurs when you assign authority over portions of the DNS namespace to subdomains of the DNS
namespace. You should delegate a zone under the following circumstances:

You want to delegate administration of a DNS domain to a department or branch of your organization.

You want to improve performance and fault tolerance of your DNS environment . you can distribute DNS database
management and maintenance between several DNS servers.

Understanding DNS Zone Transfer

A zone transfer can be defined as the process that occurs to copy the resource records of a zone on the primary DNS
server to secondary DNS servers. Zone transfer enables a secondary DNS server to continue handling queries if the
primary DNS server fails. A secondary DNS server can also transfer it zone data to other secondary DNS servers, who
are beneath it in the DNS hierarchy. In this case, the secondary DNS server is regarded as the master DNS server to the
other secondary servers.

The zone transfer methods are:

Full transfer: When you configure a secondary DNS server for a zone, and start the secondary DNS server, the
secondary DNS server requests a full copy of the zone from the primary DNS server. A full transfer is performed of all
the zone information. Full zone transfers tend to be resource intensive. This disadvantage of full transfers has led to
the development of incremental zone transfers.

Incremental zone transfer: With an incremental zone transfer, only those resource records that have since
changed in a zone are transferred to the secondary DNS servers. During zone transfer, the DNS databases on the primary
DNS server and the secondary DNS server are compared to determine whether there are differences in the DNS data. If the
DNS data of the primary and secondary DNS servers are the same, zone transfer does not take place. If the DNS data of
the two servers are different, transfer of the delta resource records starts. This occurs when the serial number on the
primary DNS server database is higher than that of secondary DNS server.s serial number. For incremental zone transfer
to occur, the primary DNS server has to record incremental changes to its DNS database. Incremental zone transfers
require less bandwidth than full zone transfers.

Active Directory transfers: These zone transfers occur when Active Directory-integrated zones are replicated
to the domain controllers in a domain. Replication occurs through Active Directory replication.

DNS Notify is a mechanism that enables a primary DNS server to inform secondary DNS servers when its
database has been updated. DNS Notify informs the secondary DNS servers when they need to initiate a zone transfer so
that the updates of the primary DNS server can be replicated to them. When a secondary DNS server receives the
notification from the primary DNS server, it can start an incremental zone transfer or a full zone transfer to pull
zone changes from the primary DNS servers.

Understanding DNS Resource Records (RRs)

The DNS database contains resource records (entries) that are used to resolve name resolution queries sent to the
DNS server. Each DNS server contains the resource records (RRs) it needs to respond to name resolution queries for the
portion of the DNS namespace for which it is authoritative. There are different types of resource records.

A few of the commonly used resource records (RR) and their associated functions are described in the Table.

Resource Records Type

Name

Function

Host record

Contains the IP address of a specific host, and maps the FQDN to this 32-bit IPv4
addresses.

AAAA

IPv6 address record

Ties a FQDN to an IPv6 128-bit address.

AFSDB

Andrews files system

Associates a DNS domain name to a server subtype: an AFS version 3
volume or an authenticated name server using DCE/NCA

ATMA

Asynchronous Transfer Mode address

Associates a DNS domain name to the ATM address of the
atm_address field.

CNAME

Canonical Name / Alias name

Ties an alias to its associated domain name.

HINFO

Host info record

Indicates the CPU and OS type for a particular host.

ISDN

ISDN info record

Ties a FQDN to an associated ISDN telephone number

KEY

Public key resource record

Contains the public key for zones that can use DNS Security
Extensions (DNSSEC).

Mailbox name record

Maps the domain mail server name to the mail server.s host
name

Mail group record

Ties th domain mailing group to mailbox resource records

MINFO

Mailbox info record

Associates a mailbox for an individual that maintains it.

Mailbox renamed record

Maps an older mailbox name to its new mailbox name.

Mail exchange record

Provides routing for messages to mail servers and backup
servers.

Name server record

Provides a list of the authoritative servers for a domain. Also provides
the authoritative DNS server for delegated subdomains.

NXT

Next resource record

Indicates those resource record types that exist for a name. Specifies
the resource record in the zone.

OPT

Option resource record

A pseudo-resource record which provides extended DNS
functionality.

PTR

Pointer resource record

Points to a different resource record, and is used for reverse
lookups to point to A type resource records.

Route through record

Provides routing information for hosts that do not have a WAN
address.

SIG

Signature resource record

Stores the digital signature for an RR set.

SOA

Start of Authority resource record

This resource record contains zone information for
determining the name of the primary DNS server for the zone. The SOA record stores other zone property information,
such as version information.

SRV

Service locator record

Used by Active directory to locate domain controllers, LDAP servers,
and global catalog servers.

TXT

Text record

Maps a DNS name to descriptive text.

X25

X.25 info record

Maps a DNS address to the public switched data network (PSDN) address
number.

While there are various resource records that contain different information or data, there are a few required fields
that each particular resource record has to contain:

Owner; the DNS domain that contains the resource record

TTL (Time to Live); indicates the time duration that DNS servers can cache resource record information,
prior to discarding the information. This is however an optional resource records field.

Class; is another optional resource records field. Class types were used in earlier implementations of the
DNS naming system, and are no longer used these days.

Type; indicates the type of information contained by the resource record.

Record-Specific Data; a variable length field that further defines the function of the resource. The format
of the field is determined by Class and Type.

Delegation records and glue records can also be added to a zone. These records are used to delegate a subdomain into
a separate zone.

Delegation records: These are Name Space (NS) resource records in a parent zone. The delegation record
specifies the parent zone as being authoritative for the delegated zones.

Glue records: These are A type resource records for the DNS server who is authoritative for delegated
zone.

The more important resource records are discussed now. This includes the following:

Start of Authority (SOA), Name Server (NS), Host (A), Alias (CNAME), Mail exchanger (MX), Pointer (PTR), Service
location (SRV)

Start of Authority (SOA) Resource Record

This is the first record in the DNS database file. The SOA record includes information on the zone property
information, such as of the primary DNS server for the zone, and version information.

The fields located within the SOA record are listed below:

Source host; the host for who the DNS database file is maintained

Contact e-mail; e-mail address for the individual who is responsible for the database file.

Serial number; the version number of the database.

Refresh time; the time that a secondary DNS server waits, while determining whether database updates have
been made, that have to be replicated via zone transfer.

Retry time; the time for which a secondary DNS server waits before attempting a failed zone transfer
again.

Expiration time; the time for which a secondary DNS server will continue to attempt to download zone
information. Old zone information is discarded when this limit is reached.

Time to live; the time that the particular DNS server can cache resource records from the DNS database
file.

Name Server (NS) Resource Record

The Name Server (NS) resource record provides a list of the authoritative DNS servers for a domain, as well
authoritative DNS server for any delegated subdomains. Each zone must have one (or more) NS resource records at the
zone root. The NS resource record indicates the primary and secondary DNS servers for the zone defined in the SOA
resource record. This in turn enables other DNS servers to look up names in the domain.

Host (A) Resource Record

The host (A) resource record contains the IP address of a specific host, and maps the FQDN to this 32-bit IPv4
addresses. Host (A) resource records basically associates the domain names of computers (FQDNs) or hosts names to their
associated IP addresses. Because a host (A) resource record statically associates a host name to a specific IP address,
you can manually add these records to zones if you have machines who have statically assigned IP addresses.

The methods which are used to add host (A) resource records to zones are:

Manually add these records, using the DNS management console.

You can use the Dnscmd tool at the command line to add host (A) resource records.

TCP/IP client computers running Windows 2000, Windows XP or Windows Server 2003 use the DHCP Client service to both
register their names, and update their host (A) resource records.

Alias (CNAME) Resource Record

Alias (CNAME) resource records ties an alias name to its associated domain name. Alias (CNAME) resource records are
referred to as canonical names. By using canonical names, you can hide network information from the clients who
connect to your network. Alias (CNAME) resource records should be used when you have to rename a host that is defined
in a host (A) resource record in the identical zone.

Mail exchanger (MX) Resource Record

The mail exchanger (MX) resource record provides routing for messages to mail servers and backup servers. The mail
MX resource record provides information on which mail servers processes e-mail for the particular domain name. E-mail
applications therefore mostly utilize MX resource records.

A mail exchanger (MX) resource record has the following parameters:

Priority

Mail server

The mail exchanger (MX) resource record enables your DNS server to work with e-mail addresses where no specific mail
server is defined. A DNS domain can have multiple MX records. MX resource records can therefore also be used to provide
failover to different mail servers when the primary server specified is unavailable. In this case, a server preference
value is added to indicate the priority of a server in the list. Lower server preference values specify higher
preference.

Pointer (PTR) Resource Record

The pointer (PTR) resource record points to a different resource record, and is used for reverse lookups to point to
A resource records. Reverse lookups resolve IP addresses to host names or FQDNs.

You can add PTR resource records to zones through the following methods:

Manually add these records, using the DNS management console.

You can use the Dnscmd tool at the command line to add PTR resource records.

Service (SRV) Resource Records

Service (SRV) resource records are typically used by Active directory to locate domain controllers, LDAP servers,
and global catalog servers. The SRV records define the location of specific services in a domain. They associate the
location of a service such as a domain controller or global catalog server; with details on how the particular service
can be contacted.

The fields of the service (SRV) resource record are explained below:

Service name

The protocol used

The domain name associated with the SRV records.

The port number for the particular service

The Time to Live value

The class

The priority and weight.

The target specifying the FQDN of the particular host supporting the service

The Zone Database Files

If you are not using Active Directory-integrated zones, the specific zone database files that are used for zone data
are:

Domain Name file: When new A type resource records are added to the domain, they are stored in this file.
When a zone is created, the Domain Name file contains the following:

A SOA resource record for the domain

A NS resource record that indicates the name of the DNS server that was created.

Reverse Lookup file: This database file contains information on a reverse lookup zone.

Cache file: This file contains a listing of the names and addresses of root name servers that are needed for
resolving names which are external to the authoritative domains.

Boot file: This file controls the startup behavior of the DNS server. The boot file supports the commands
listed below:

Directory command; this command defines the location of the other files specified in the Boot file.

Primary command; defines the domain for which this particular DNS server has authority.

Secondary; specifies a domain as being a secondary domain.

Cache command; this command defines the list of root hints used for contacting DNS servers for the root domain

Planning DNS Zone Implementations

When you divide the up the DNS namespace, DNS zones are created. Breaking up the namespace into zones enables DNS to
more efficiently manage available bandwidth usage, which in turn improves DNS performance.

When determining how to break up the DNS zones, a few considerations you should include are listed below:

DNS traffic patterns: You can use the System Monitor tool to examine DNS performance counters, and to obtain DNS
server statistics.

Network link speed: The types of network links that exist between your DNS servers should be determined when you
plan the zones for your environment.

Whether full DNS servers or caching-only DNS servers are being used also affects how you break up DNS zones

The main zone types used in Windows Server 2003 DNS environments are primary zones and Active Directory-integrated
zones. The question on whether to implement primary zones or Active Directory-integrated zones; would be determined by
the DNS design requirements of your environment.

Both primary zones and secondary zones are standard DNS zones that use zone files. The main difference between
primary zones and secondary zones is that primary zones can be updated. Secondary zones contain read-only copies of
zone data. A secondary DNS zone can only be updated through DNS zone transfer. Secondary DNS zones are usually
implemented to provide fault tolerance for your DNS server environment.

An Active Directory-integrated zone can be defined as an improved version of a primary DNS zone because it can use
multi-master replication and the security features of Active Directory. The zone data of Active Directory-integrated
zones are stored in Active Directory. Active Directory-integrated zones are authoritative primary zones.

A few advantages that Active Directory-integrated zone implementations have oer standard primary zone
implementations are:

Active Directory replication is faster, which means that the time needed to transfer zone data between zones is far
less.

The Active Directory replication topology is used for Active Directory replication, and for Active
Directory-integrated zone replication. There is no longer a need for DNS replication when DNS and Active Directory are
integrated.

Active Directory-integrated zones can enjoy the security features of Active Directory.

The need to manage your Active Directory domains and DNS namespaces as separate entities is eliminated. This in
turn reduces administrative overhead.

When DNS and Active Directory are integrated; the Active Directory-integrated zones are replicated, and stored on
any new domain controllers automatically. Synchronization takes place automatically when new domain controllers are
deployed.

The mechanism that DNS utilizes to forward a query that one DNS server cannot resolve, to another DNS server is
called DNS forwarding. DNS forwarders are the DNS servers used to forward DNS queries for different DNS
namespace to those DNS servers who can answer the query. A DNS server is configured as a DNS forwarder when you
configure the other DNS servers to direct any unresolved queries to a specific DNS server. Creating DNS forwarders can
improve name resolution efficiency.

Windows Server 2003 DNS introduces a new feature, called conditional forwarding. With conditional forwarding,
you create conditional forwarders within your environment that will forward DNS queries based on the specific
domain names being requested in the query. This differs from DNS forwarders where the standard DNS resolution path to
the root was used to resolve the query. A conditional forwarder can only forward queries for domains that are defined
in the particular conditional forwarders list. The query is passed to the default DNS forwarder if there are no entries
in the forwarders list for the specific domain queried.

When conditional forwarders are configured, the process to resolve domain names is illustrated below:

A client sends a query to the DNS server for name resolution.

The DNS server checks its DNS database file to determine whether it can resolve the query with its zone data.

The DNS server also checks its DNS server cache to resolve the request.

If the DNS server is not configured to use forwarding, the server uses recursion to attempt to resolve the
query.

If the DNS server is configured to forward the query for a specific domain name to a DNS forwarder, the DNS server
then forwards the query to the IP address of its configured DNS forwarder.

A few considerations for configuring forwarders for your DNS environment are:

You should only implement the DNS forwarders that are necessary for your environment. You should refrain from
creating loads of forwarders for your internal DNS servers.

You should avoid chaining your DNS servers together in a forwarding configuration.

To avoid the DNS forwarder turning into a bottleneck, do not configure one external DNS forwarder for all your
internal DNS servers.

How to create a new zone

Click Start, Administrative Tools, and then click DNS to open the DNS console.

Expand the Forward Lookup Zones folder

Select the Forward Lookup Zones folder.

From the Action menu, select New Zone.

The New Zone Wizard initiates.

On the initial page of the Wizard, click Next.

On the Zone Type page, ensure that the Primary Zone. Creates A Copy Of A Zone That Can Be Updated Directly On This
Server option is selected. This option is by default selected.

Uncheck the Store The Zone In Active Directory (Available Only If DNS Server Is A Domain Controller) checkbox.
Click Next.

On the Zone Name page, enter the correct name for the zone in he Zone Name textbox. Click Next.

On the Zone File page, ensure that the default option, Create A New File With This File Name is selected. Click
Next.

On the Dynamic Update page, ensure that the Do Not Allow Dynamic Updates. Dynamic Updates Of Resource Records Are
Not Accepted By This Zone. You Must Update These Records Manually option is selected. Click Next.

The Completing The New Zone Wizard page is displayed next.

Click Finish to create the new zone.

How to create subdomains

Click Start, Administrative Tools, and then click DNS to open the DNS console.

In the console tree, select the appropriate zone.

From the Action menu, select New Domain.

The DNS Domain dialog box opens.

Enter the name for new subdomain.

Click OK to create the new subdomain.

How to create a reverse lookup zone

Click Start, Administrative Tools, and the select DNS to open the DNS console.

Select the appropriate DNS server in the console tree.

Right-click the DNS server, and then select New Zone from the shortcut menu.

The New Zone Wizard starts.

Click Next on the first page of the New Zone Wizard.

On the Zone Type page, ensure that the Primary Zone option is selected. Click Next.

On the following page, select the Reverse lookup zone option. Click Next.

Enter the IP network in the Network ID box, for the domain name that you are creating this new reverse lookup zone
for. Click Next.

Accept the default zone file name. Click Next.

On the Dynamic Update page, select the Allow both nonsecure and secure dynamic updates option, and then click
Next.

.The Completing The New Zone Wizard page is displayed next.

Click Finish to create the new reverse lookup zone.

How to create a stub zone

Click Start, Administrative Tools, and then click DNS to open the DNS console.

Expand the Forward Lookup Zones folder

Select the Forward Lookup Zones folder.

From the Action menu, select New Zone.

The New Zone Wizard initiates.

On the initial page of the Wizard, click Next.

On the Zone Type page, select the Stub Zone option.

Uncheck the Store The Zone In Active Directory (Available Only If DNS Server Is A Domain Controller) checkbox.
Click Next.

On the Zone Name page, enter the name for the new stub zone in the Zone Name textbox, and then click Next.

Accept the default setting on the Zone file page. Click Next.

On the Master DNS Servers page, enter the IP address of the master server in the Address text box. Click Next.

On the Completing The New Zone Wizard page, click Finish.

How to add resource records to zones

Click Start, Administrative Tools, and then click DNS to open the DNS console.

In the console tree, select the zone that you want to add resource records to.

From the Action menu, select the resource record type that you want to add to the zone. The options are:

New Host (A)

New Alias (CNAME)

New Mail Exchanger (MX)

Other New Records

Select the New Host (A) option.

The New Host dialog box opens.

In the Name (Use Parent Domain Name If Blank) textbox, enter the name of the new host.

When you specify the name of the new host, the resulting FQDN is displayed in the Fully qualified domain name
(FQDN) textbox.

In the IP Address box, enter the address for the new host.

If you want to create an associated pointer (PTR) record, enable the checkbox.

Click the Add Host button.

The new host (A) resource record is added to the particular zone.

A message box is displayed, verifying that the new host (A) resource record was successfully created for the
zone.

Click OK.

Click Done to close the New Host dialog box./li>

How to create a zone delegation

Click Start, Administrative Tools, and then select DNS to open the DNS console.

Right-click your subdomain in the console tree, and then select New Delegation from the shortcut menu.

The New Delegation Wizard initiates.

Click Next on the first page of the New Delegation Wizard.

When the Delegated Domain Name page opens, provide a delegated domain name, and then click Next.

On the Name Servers page, click the Add button to provide the names and the IP addresses of your DNS servers that
should host the delegation

On the Name Servers page, click Next.

Click Finish.

How to enable dynamic updates for a zone

Click Start, Administrative Tools, and the select DNS to open the DNS console.

Right-click the zone you want to work with in the console tree, and then select Properties from the shortcut
menu.

When the Zone Properties dialog box opens, on the General tab, select Yes in the Allow Dynamic Updates list
box.

Click OK.

How to configure a zone to use WINS for name resolution

You can configure your forward lookup zone to use WINS for name resolution in instances where the queried name is
not found in the DNS namespace.

Click Start, Administrative Tools, and the select DNS to open the DNS console.

In the console tree, proceed to expand your DNS server node, and then expand the Forward Lookup Zones folder.

Locate and right-click the zone which you want to configure and then select Properties from the shortcut menu.

When the Zone Properties dialog box opens, click the WINS tab.

Enable the Use WINS Forward Lookup checkbox.

Type the WINS server IP address. Click Add, and then click OK.

On the General tab, select Yes in the Allow Dynamic Updates list box.

Click OK.

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